新GMAT作文題庫解析中指出：新GMAT新增13道Argument題目。而這新增的13道題中，又有5道題都是同出一轍的類比(analogy)題目，占到了近一半的比例。這明確的提示考生，類比題目在今后的GMAT考試中，仍然是重點(diǎn)題型。因此，考生應(yīng)該對類比題目給予足夠的重視，并進(jìn)行充分的考前準(zhǔn)備。下面是留學(xué)專家整理的關(guān)于新GMAT作文題庫解析相關(guān)信息，僅供大家參考。

　　1.The following appeared in a memorandum from the head of a human resources department at a major automobile manufacturing company to the company's managers:

　　“Studies have found that employees of not-for-profit organizations and charities are often more highly motivated than employees of for-profit corporations to perform well at work when their performance is not being monitored or evaluated. Interviews with employees of not-for-profit organizations suggest that the reason for their greater motivation is the belief that their work helps to improve society. Because they believe in the importance of their work, they have personal reasons to perform well, even when no financial reward is present. Thus, if our corporation began donating a significant portion of its profits to humanitarian causes, our employees’ motivation and productivity would increase substantially and our overall profits would increase as well.”

新GMAT作文題庫解析之題目分析

　　通過對非營利(not-for-profit)組織員工激勵因素的分析，文章將員工努力工作動因(greater motivation)歸結(jié)為某種位公益服務(wù)的信念(the belief)。進(jìn)而，建議贏利組織向非營利組織借鑒經(jīng)驗(yàn)。原文推理線路(reasoning line)如下：

　　∵ not-for-profit: the belief àgreater motivation (1)

　　又∵ not-for-profit = for-profit (2)

　　∴ for-profit: the belief àmotivation and productivity àmore profit (3)

新GMAT作文題庫解析之尋找錯誤

　　根據(jù)推理線路，可以針對三個推理過程，依次分三個層次來尋找錯誤：

　　(1)非營利組織的因果推理(causality)存疑：非營利組織員工的工作動因可能來自于其他原因，而不只是某種信念。例如，非營利組織中的固定員工也是實(shí)行薪酬制的，所以，他們積極工作的眾多理由中，當(dāng)然包括謀生，而且，相對于賺錢盈利而言，賑災(zāi)扶貧等花錢的工作還是相對容易的。

　　(2)非營利組織與營利組織的可比性(comparability)存疑：即使該汽車制造公司將一部分利潤投入公益，仍然不能回避這兩種組織存在的固有差異，導(dǎo)致經(jīng)驗(yàn)不可借鑒。例如，營利組織的員工多為中青年人，生活壓力大，需要更多的是利益驅(qū)動，來改善生活、養(yǎng)育后代;非營利組織的員工中的志愿者多為老年人或者學(xué)生，生活壓力較小，需要的是發(fā)揮余熱或者學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

　　(3)營利組織的對未來草率預(yù)期(expectation)存疑：即使投資公益能夠帶來員工工作更加積極主動的結(jié)果，進(jìn)一步認(rèn)為這樣就能提高整體利潤水平(overall profit)是沒有根據(jù)的。因?yàn)槔麧櫟扔谑杖霚p成本，而這兩個變量從原文中無從得知，所以，有可能因?yàn)檎惵实奶岣撸沟美麧櫧档突虺制健?/p>

新GMAT作文題庫解析之題型總結(jié)

　　類比題目是GMAT作文 Argument 部分的測試重點(diǎn)，對于類比兩方中成功一方，應(yīng)首先對其經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證;然后，結(jié)合雙方可能存在的差異，說明即使經(jīng)驗(yàn)可行，也不能借鑒。

　　這道題最后出現(xiàn)的利潤(profit)問題，是幾乎所有商業(yè)題材題目中都出現(xiàn)的一個容易得分的錯誤，所以，準(zhǔn)備好一小段專門針對利潤問題的段落，是GMAT作文備考的小竅門。

　　2.The following appeared in a memorandum from the information technology department of a major advertising firm:

　　“The more efficient a firm’s employees are, the more profitable that firm will be. Improvements in a firm’s information technology hardware and software are a proven way to increase the efficiency of employees who do the majority of their work on computers. Therefore, if our firm invests in the most powerful and advanced information technology available, employee productivity will be maximized. This strategy ensures that every dollar spent on enhanced information technology will help to increase our firm’s profit margins.”

新GMAT作文題庫解析之題目分析

　　第2題與第1題的出題套路完全相同，只不過，用一般公司的共同經(jīng)驗(yàn)作為了類比一方，某個特定的廣告公司作為類比的另一方?？忌梢宰鳛榫毩?xí)題目，參考第1題，進(jìn)行練習(xí)，這里，只給出原文推理線路。

　　∵ other firms: IT improvement à efficiency (1)

　　又∵ other firms = advertisement firm (2)

　　∴ advertisement firm: powerful and advanced IT à productivity à profit (3)

　　3. The following appeared in a memorandum to a team developing accounting software for SmartPro Software, Inc.:

　　“Currently, more professional accountants use SmartPro accounting software than any other brand. However, in the market for personal accounting software for non-professionals to use in preparing their income tax returns, many of our competitors are outselling us. In surveys, our professional customers repeatedly say that they have chosen SmartPro Software because our most sophisticated software products include more advanced special features than competing brands. Therefore, the most effective way for us to increase sales of our personal accounting software for home users would clearly be to add the advanced special features that our professional software products currently offer.”

新GMAT作文題庫解析之題目分析

　　第3題與前兩道題的出題套路基本相同，只不過，把類比雙方都?xì)w于一個公司名下。下面，考生可以參考上面兩道題的推理線路分析，將下面的推理線路完成。

　　∵ professional users: à prefer SmartPro (1)

　　又∵ professional users = users (2)

　　∴ users: add à increase sales (3)

　　4. The following appeared in a memorandum from the marketing department of a children’s clothing manufacturer:

　　“Our HuggyBunny brand is the bestselling brand of children’s clothing. Parents everywhere recognize the HuggyBunny logo as a mark of quality, and most of our customers show great brand loyalty. Sales reports have shown that parents are more likely to buy children’s clothes with the familiar HuggyBunny brand and logo than otherwise identical clothes without it. Therefore, if we use the HuggyBunny brand name and logo for the new line of clothing for teenagers that our company will soon be introducing, that clothing will sell better than it would if we labeled it with a new brand name and logo.”

新GMAT作文題庫解析之題目分析

　　第4題與第3題，同出一轍，類比雙方——兒童服裝和少年服裝——都?xì)w于一個品牌(HunggyBunny)品牌下，而這兩組目標(biāo)顧客的偏好(preference)實(shí)際存在很多差異。

　　5. The following appeared in a memorandum from the assistant manager of Pageturner Books:

　　“Over the past two years, Pageturner’s profits have decreased by 5 percent, even though we have added a popular café as well as a music section selling CDs and tapes. At the same time, we have experienced an increase in the theft of merchandise. We should therefore follow the example of Thoreau Books, which increased its profits after putting copies of its most frequently stolen books on a high shelf behind the payment counter. By doing likewise with copies of the titles that our staff reported stolen last year, we too can increase profitability.”

新GMAT作文題庫解析之題目分析

　　這道題仍然是一道類比題目，與前面四道題的區(qū)別在于被借鑒經(jīng)驗(yàn)的成功者——索羅圖書(Thoreau Books)出現(xiàn)在題目的后半部分。